The M4 carbine is a family of assault rifles derived from M16 rifles, which in turn was derived from AR15 rifles.
The M4 is a shorter and lighter version of M16A2 assault rifle, its gas-operated, magazine feed, selective fire weapon with telescopic sight and it has 370mm barrel to ease in close combat situations.
Like the rest of M16 family it uses 5.56 mm ammo. The M4 is a selective fire weapon with semi-auto and three round brusts mode, while M4A1 has semi-auto and full-auto firing modes. The carbine is also capable of mounting M203 grenade launcher.
The M4 is heavily employed by many militaries through out the world, and it will eventually replace the M16 assault rifles.
Like all other variants of M16, the M4 and M4A1 can use all kinds of accessories like lazer sights, telescopic sights, red dot sights, fore grip, night vision devices, bi-pods, M203, M320, M26 MASS shotgun, ACOG sights, holographic sight, visible and IR lights and anything attachable to picatinny rails.
The M4 uses direct gas impingment gas operated mechanism, giving 700-950 rounds per minute (cyclic), it has muzzle velocity of 880 m/s, giving effective range of 500-600 meters.
Its default is 30 round box magazine but various other STANAG magazines can also be used.
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